Coolant – It needs to be changed regularly. Check your vehicle owner’s manual for the recommended replacement interval. If it isn’t replaced regularly, it loses its effectiveness to prevent corrosion in the cooling system – a problem explained below – and it also loses its freeze-protection abilities. The coolant level also needs to be checked periodically. If you run out of coolant, your engine will overheat. 
 

Radiator – It can corrode internally if coolant, with its corrosion inhibitors, isn’t used or changed regularly. When the radiator corrodes, it becomes plugged, preventing the effective circulation of coolant. Have the radiator and cooling system flushed periodically to remove any debris. Also have the radiator examined for any external obstructions, such as paper, leaves, bugs or other road debris that are stuck to it and blocking air flow, and for any signs of damage from stones and other projectiles that hit the radiator and caused leaks or bent fins.
 

Belts & Hoses – They’re rubber, which wears and degrades over time and with use. Replace them approximately every four years or based on your manufacturer’s recommendation. Have them examined for visible signs of impending failure, including cracks in the belt or soft or bulging spots in the hoses. If they fail, your cooling system stops working.
 

Water pump – On many vehicles, the water pump is driven by the timing belt. Since a timing belt needs to be changed at certain intervals, it makes sense to replace the water pump at the same time, and most technicians will recommend this. If your water pump fails, the engine can overheat. 
 

Radiator cap – Make sure it’s screwed on tightly. Look for any sign of leaks around it. Your technician can also pressure test the radiator cap to ensure it’s functioning properly when he or she performs a pressure test on the entire cooling system. And remember, never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. 
 

Also be on the lookout for signs of cooling system problems, like: 

• The vehicle temperature gauge rising near the danger zone 

• Coolant leaks, steam or hissing sounds under the hood

• The distinct smell of coolant or an engine that’s running hot
 

Knowing and performing the maintenance your cooling system requires can prevent cooling system and engine failure.  
 

After all, it’s summer, and we’re all trying to stay cool.